Plastiki ea thermoplastic, kapa thermosoftening, ke thepa ea polasetiki, polymer, e fetohang habonolo kapa e bōptjoa ka holim'a mocheso o itseng 'me e tiea ha e pholile.
Boholo ba thermoplastics bo na le boima bo phahameng ba molek'hule.Liketane tsa polymer li amahanngoa le matla a li-intermolecular, a fokolisang ka potlako ka mocheso o ntseng o eketseha, a hlahisa mokelikeli oa viscous.Ka hona, li-thermoplastics li ka fetoloa bocha ka ho futhumatsa 'me hangata li sebelisoa ho hlahisa likarolo ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho lokisa polymer joalo ka ho bopa ente, ho bopa ha compression, calendering le extrusion.Thermoplastics e fapane le li-polymers tsa thermosetting, tse etsang litlamo tsa lik'hemik'hale tse ke keng tsa fetoloa nakong ea ho phekola.Li-Thermosets ha li qhibilihe ha li futhumala: lia bola 'me ha li fetohe ha li pholile.
Acrylic:Acrylic, polymer e bitsoang poly (PMMA), e boetse e tsejoa ka mabitso a khoebo a kang Lucite, Perspex le Plexiglas.E sebetsa e le sebaka se tiileng sa khalase bakeng sa lintho tse kang metsi, li-visor tsa helmete tsa lithuthuthu, lifensetere tsa sefofane, boema-kepe ba lintho tse ka tlas'a metsi, le lilense tsa mabone a kantle a makoloi.E sebelisoa haholo ho etsa matšoao, ho kenyelletsa le litlhaku le li-logos.Meriana, e sebelisoa ho etsa samente ea masapo le ho fetola lilense tsa mahlo.Pente ea Acrylic e na le likaroloana tsa PMMA tse emisitsoeng ka metsing.
ABS:Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) ke terpolymer synthesized ho tloha styrene le acrylonitrile ka pel'a polybutadiene.ABS ke thepa e boima bo bobebe e bonts'ang khanyetso e matla le ho tiea ha mochini.E beha likotsi tse fokolang bophelong ba batho tlas'a ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng.E sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa bareki, joalo ka lipapali, lisebelisoa le mehala.
Nylon:Nylon ke ea sehlopha sa li-polymers tse bitsoang polyamides.E sebelitse joalo ka sebaka sa hemp, k'hothone le silika, lihlahisoa tse kang liparachute, likhoele, liseile, liphahlo le liaparo tsa basali.Likhoele tsa nylon li na le thuso ha ho etsoa masela, lithapo, limmete le likhoele tsa 'mino, athe ka bongata, Nylon e sebelisoa bakeng sa likarolo tsa mochini tse kenyelletsang li-screws tsa mochini, likere le li-casings tsa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase.Ho phaella moo, e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa thepa ea motsoako o sa keneleng mocheso.
PLA:Polylactic acid (polylactide) ke biodegradable thermoplastic aliphatic polyester e nkiloeng mehloling e ka nchafatsoang, joalo ka starch ea poone (United States), metso ea tapioca, chips kapa starch (haholo Asia), kapa 'moba.Ke e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang bakeng sa khatiso ea 3D ka mekhoa ea fused deposition modelling (FDM).
Polybenzimidazole:Polybenzimidazole fiber ke fiber ea maiketsetso e nang le ntlha e phahameng haholo ea ho qhibiliha.E na le botsitso bo ikhethang ba mocheso le lik'hemik'hale 'me ha e chese habonolo.E ile ea sibolloa ka lekhetlo la pele ke setsebi sa k'hemistri sa polymer sa Amerika, Carl Shipp Marvel, ho lelekisa lisebelisoa tse ncha tse nang le botsitso bo phahameng, ho boloka ho satalla, ho thatafala ha mocheso o phahameng.Ka lebaka la botsitso ba eona bo phahameng, Polybenzimidazole e sebelisetsoa ho etsa liaparo tse sireletsang tse sebetsang hantle tse kang lisebelisoa tsa litima-mollo, lisutu tsa sebaka sa astronaut, li-gloves tse sireletsang mocheso o phahameng, liaparo tsa li-welders le masela a lebota la lifofane.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, polybenzimidazole e fumane ts'ebeliso ea eona e le membrane liseleng tsa mafura.
Polycarbonate:Polycarbonate (PC) thermoplastics e tsejoa ka tlas'a matšoao a khoebo a kang Lexan, Makrolon, Makroclear, le arcoPlus.Li sebetsa habonolo, li bōptjoa, 'me li entsoe ka thermoform bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata, tse kang lisebelisoa tsa elektronike, thepa ea kaho, lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea boitsebiso, likarolo tsa likoloi le tsa lifofane, li hlahloba li-sockets tsa maiketsetso, le tšireletso e khanyang.Li-polycarbonates ha li na khoutu e ikhethang ea ho tsebahatsa resin.Lintho tse entsoeng ka polycarbonate li ka ba le precursor monomer bisphenol A (BPA).
Polyether sulfone:Polyether sulfone (PES) ke sehlopha sa thermoplastics e entsoeng ka mokhoa o khethehileng e nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, oxidative, le hydrolytic stability, le ho hanyetsa hantle li-aqueous mineral acids, alkalis, tharollo ea letsoai, oli le mafura.
Polyoxymethylene:Polyoxymethylene (POM), eo hape e tsejoang e le acetal, polyacetal le polyformaldehyde, ke thermoplastic ea boenjiniere e sebelisoang likarolong tse nepahetseng tse hlokang ho satalla ho hoholo, khohlano e tlase, le botsitso bo botle ba sebopeho.Joalo ka lipolymer tse ling tse ngata tsa maiketsetso, e hlahisoa ke lifeme tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale tse nang le liforomo tse fapaneng hanyane mme li rekisoa ka mefuta e fapaneng ka mabitso a kang Delrin, Celcon, Ramtal, Duracon, Kepital le Hostaform.
Polyetherther ketone:Polyether ether ketone(PEEK) ke polymer ea organic thermoplastic e se nang mebala lelapeng la polyaryletherketone (PAEK), e sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa boenjiniere.E ile ea hlahisoa qalong ke Victrex PLC, ea ntan'o ba ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries) mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1980.E na le thepa e khahlang joalo ka e hanana hantle le abrasion, ho chesa ho tlase le ho tsoa ha mosi le likhase tse chefo.
Polyetherimide:Polyetherimide (PEI), e hlahisoang ke "nitro displacement reaction" e ncha e kenyelletsang bisphenol A, 4, 4'-methylenedianiline le 3-nitrophthalic anhydride, e na le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, matla a tsitsitseng le modulus.Hangata li sebelisoa likarolong tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki tse sebetsang hantle, lisebelisoa tsa microwave, le likarolo tsa likoloi tse ka tlas'a-hood.
Polyethylene:Polyethylene (polyethene, polythene, PE) ke lelapa la lisebelisoa tse tšoanang tse arotsoeng ho latela boholo ba tsona le sebopeho sa limolek'hule. mokgoa o sebedisoang tlhahisong ya ona.E hanana le mongobo le boholo ba lik'hemik'hale.E fetoha habonolo mocheso oa kamore.(le mocheso o tlase) mme e ka koaloa mocheso.
Polyphenylene oxide:Polyphenylene oxide (PPO), e fumanoang ho tsoa ho "free-radical", "step-growth oxidative coupling polymerization" ea 2,6-xylenol, e na le lintho tse ngata tse khahlehang tse kang ho senya mocheso o phahameng le matla a ts'ebetso, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale ho liminerale le organic acid, le ho monya metsi a fokolang.PPO e thata ho sebetsa, ka hona resin ea khoebo (Noryl) e entsoe ka ho kopanya PPO le polystyrene e nang le phello e phahameng (HIPS), e sebetsang ho fokotsa mocheso oa ho sebetsa.
Polyphenylene sulfide:Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) e fumanoeng ke condensation polymerization ea p-dichlorobenzene le sodium sulfide, e na le khanyetso e ikhethang ea lik'hemik'hale, thepa e ntle ea motlakase, ho lieha ho hoholo ha lelakabe, khohlano e tlase le pepeneneng e phahameng ea mahlaseli a microwave.PPS e sebelisoa haholo-holo lits'ebetsong tsa ho roala.Sena se etsoa ka ho fafatsa seretse se nang le metsi sa likaroloana tsa PPS le ho futhumatsa mocheso ho feta 370°C.Limaraka tse ikhethileng tsa PPS li ka sebelisoa ho enteng le ho bopeng ha khatello ka mocheso (300 ho isa ho 370 ° C) moo likaroloana tsa PPS li nolofatsang 'me li kopanang ka mokhoa o hlakileng.Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa ente le compression e entsoeng ka PPS e kenyelletsa li-cookware, li-bearings le likarolo tsa pompo bakeng sa ts'ebeletso libakeng tse fapaneng tse senyang.
Polypropylene:Polypropylene (PP) e na le thuso bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tse kang lijana tsa lijo tsa polasetiki tse ka sebelisoang hape, lijana tsa polasetiki tse sireletsehileng tsa microwave- le mochini o hlatsoang lijana, lesela la diaper, lesela la bohloeki le casing, liropo, lik'hapete, libotlolo tsa polasetiki, lisebelisoa tsa liphaephe, libeteri tsa koloi, ho kenya letsoho bakeng sa motlakase. lithapo le lifela tsa likhase le lero.Meriana, e sebelisoa ho phekola hernia le ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tse sa keneleng mocheso.Lipampiri tsa polypropylene li sebelisoa bakeng sa lifoldara tsa ho ngola le ho paka le meqomo e hlakileng ea polokelo.Polypropylene e hlalosoa ke nomoro ea polasetiki e ka sebelisoang hape ea 5. Le hoja e batla e sa sebetse, e kotsing ea mahlaseli a kotsi 'me e ka senyeha haholo letsatsing le tobileng.Polypropylene ha e sebetsane le tšusumetso joalo ka polyethylenes (HDPE, LDPE).E boetse e khona ho kenella ka har'a likhase tse fetohang haholo le maro.
Polystyrene:Polystyrene e entsoe ka mefuta e fapaneng e nang le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng.Extruded polystyrene (PS) e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa li-cutlery tse lahliloeng, likhese tsa li-CD le li-DVD, mefuta ea polasetiki ea likoloi le likepe, le matlo a ho lemoha mosi.Foam e atolositsoeng ea polystyrene (EPS) e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa le ho paka, joalo ka "matokomane" le foam e bōpiloeng e sebelisetsoang ho sireletsa lihlahisoa tse senyehang habonolo.Extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), e tsejoang ka lebitso la khoebo la Styrofoam, e sebelisetsoa ho etsa mehlala ea meralo le likopi tsa ho noa bakeng sa lino tse futhumetseng.Li-copolymer tsa polystyrene li sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lintho tsa ho bapala le li-casing tsa lihlahisoa.
Polyvinyl chloride:Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ke thepa e thata, e bobebe e hanyetsanang le li-acids le metheo.Boholo ba eona bo sebelisoa ke indasteri ea kaho, joalo ka vinyl siding, drainpipes, gutters le lishiti tsa marulelo.E boetse e fetoloa hore e be liforomo tse feto-fetohang ka ho eketsoa ha li-plasticizers, kahoo e etsa hore e be molemo bakeng sa lintho tse kang li-hoses, li-tubing, li-insulation tsa motlakase, lijase, lijase le li-upholstery.Flexible PVC e boetse e sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse nang le moea o motlakase, joalo ka libethe tsa metsi le lintho tsa ho bapala tsa letamo.PVC e boetse e le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng litšoantšong tsa liketso tsa vinyl, haholo-holo linaheng tse kang Japane, moo thepa e sebelisoang haholo ho seo ho thoeng ke lipalo tsa Sofubi.Ha PVC e kobeha ha bonolo 'me e na le tšekamelo ea ho kobeha nakong ea lipalangoang, mokhoa oa ho 'lokisa' deformation ena ke ho futhumatsa polasetiki ho fihlela e tsamaea, ebe o 'kobella' thepa sebakeng se nepahetseng.
polymer:polymer lebitso la lets'oao la DuPont bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea polymer polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), eo e leng ea sehlopha sa thermoplastics.
Nako ea poso: May-01-2018